It results from insectplant coevolution and is crucial for their coexistence. Section 3 is dedicated to some general questions in insecticide. Silicon and mechanisms of plant resistance to insect pests. Biochemical bases of resistance in plants to insectsramesh arora and g. The identification of new sources of resistance to insects and better understanding of resistance mechanisms have opened new avenues in the field of host plant resistance hpr. This chapter discusses the resistance of plants to insects. Therearefewbooksavailablethat deal pri marily with plant resistance to insects. Techniques for evaluating insect resistance in crop plants crc press book this comprehensive book is the first illustrated volume to provide detailed discussions of all plant genera regarding techniques developed to evaluate plant resistance to insects. They use a variety of systems to defend themselves from attack by insects and diseases. The identification of new sources of resistance to insects and better understanding of resistance mechanisms have opened new avenues in the field of hostplant resistance hpr. Ishs ishs brassica symposium ix crucifer genetics workshop host plant resistance to insect pests of cruciferous crops with special. The 23rd biannual international plant resistance to. Two papers from georg janders laboratory combine qtl and phytochemical analyses to examine the roles of secondary metabolites in maize resistance to.
Integration of plant defense traits with biological control. Host plant resistance to insects in integrated pest. Three basic components or mechanisms are involved in plant resistance. Genetic engineering of crop plants for enhanced resistance to. Another problematic aspect of painters trichotomy involves the antixenosis category and its relationship to antibiosis. Plant resistance to insects acs symposium series acs. It also provides an overview of the fascinating field of insectplant relationships, which is fundamental to the study of hostplant resistance to insects. Genetic engineering of crop plants for enhanced resistance. Transgenic plant journal 2008 global science books genetic engineering of crop plants for enhanced resistance to insects and diseases in iran masoud tohidfar1 gholamreza salehi jouzani2 1 department of plant tissue culture and transformation, agricultural biotechnology research institute of iran, mahdasht road, p. Host plant resistance hpr to insects is an effective, economical, and environment friendly method of pest control. Thus, the study of plant resistance involves the study of a large web of interactions mediated by a potentially large and diverse set of plant traits, and plant resistance can be studied from various perspectives. Insect resistance refers to crops that either naturally or through genetic engineering are able to resist insect damage. To what extent have breeding programs purposefully bred cultivars with named arthropod re. Mechanisms and deployment of resistance in trees to insects.
Resistance is the ability of a certain variety to produce a larger yield of good quality than other varieties at the same initial level of infestation and under similar environmental conditions. Free entomology books download ebooks online textbooks. Check our section of free e books and guides on entomology now. Examines the molecular biology and genetics of insect resistance in crop plants, and insect genes capable of overcoming resistance to form insect. Breeding insect resistant crops for sustainable agriculture. Section 1 covers different aspects of insecticide resistance of selected economically important plant insect pests, whereas section 2 includes chapters about the importance, development and insecticide resistance management in controlling malaria vectors. The latest research in the field of mites, nematodes, and fungi as vectors of plant viruses has been included. Herbivorous insects represent one of the major threats to sessile plants. Provides the practical aspects of hostplant resistance hpr. The recently published books address related topics, such as bio. It shows how plants can defend themselves naturally and how insects have adapted. Mass culturing of phytophagous insects for host plant resistance studies. Insects need to develop a resistance mechanism against certain antimetabolites produced by plants to feed on them.
Insects and other arthropods divender gupta encyclopedia of life support systems eolss at a global level, insect pests of medical, veterinary and agricultural importance have developed resistance to all major classes of pesticides. A fundamental component of ipm radcliffes ipm world textbook hostplant resistance hpr to insect pests is considered one of the key tactics for insect control, particularly in developing countries where utilization of other control methods. How plants defend against fungi, insects decoded deccan herald. Khush, principal plant breeder and head of plant breeding in the division of genetics and biochemistry, international rice research institute. Biophysical bases of resistance in plants to insects pala ram ram singh and g.
The international plant resistance to insects working group is an affiliation of researchers and practitioners that are advancing the development and use of plants with resistance to insects and other arthropods. Insect plant interactions and host plant resistance ram singh and g. Plants face constant threats from a multitude of pests, which cause severe agricultural loss. Examines the molecular biology and genetics of insect resistance in crop plants, and insect genes capable of. This text presents a broad overview of host plant resistance to insect pests. In general, plant defenses have been studied using targeted approaches by analyzing plant alkaloids and their effects on insects. All crop cultivars should contain resistance to insect pests. The formal study of plant resistance to herbivory was first covered extensively in 1951 by reginald henry painter, who is widely regarded as the founder of this area of research, in his book plant resistance to insects.
This book presents a broad overview of host plant resistance to insect pests. Insect plant interactions and host plant resistanceram singh and g. During their longterm coevolution, sessile plants have evolved complicated and sophisticated defense systems to defend against attack from herbivorous insects howe and jander, 2008. Mar 15, 2020 researchers have discovered a communication network in plants which helps them respond to a hormone involved in pest resistance, a finding that may help develop crops that can withstand insect attack. During plant domestication, some important features of plant resistance may be inadvertantly removed by the breeders, increasing their susceptibility. Plants that stand exposed to insects over long periods generally develop defense systems that require a relatively large quantity of the resistance agents, and these agents often bind dietary protein or. While this work pioneered further research in the us, the work of chesnokov was the basis of further research in the ussr. Modern agriculture provides novel solutions to age old problems. To cope with herbivore challenges, plants have evolved sophisticated defense systems, in which the lipidderived phytohormone jasmonate plays a crucial role. The 23rd biannual international plant resistance to insects. It results from insect plant coevolution and is crucial for their coexistence. The award was established by an endowment from donations by kenneth j.
Recognizing there are entire courses and books on the subject of plant resistance to crop pests, this lecture will cover only the essential aspects of the topic. Plant defenses, management practices, and pests before discussing the key ecological principles and approaches to soil management, lets first see how amazing plants really are. Jasmonate action in plant defense against insects journal. Of all published articles, the following were the most read within the past 12 months. Smiths 1989 book on the subject plant resistance to insects. The study of herbivory and plant resistance in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Also gives consideration to potentially resistant material. This approach utilizes a combination of host plant resistance and cultural, biological and chemical control methods. Covers terminology and categories of resistance, and presents techniques for studying plant resistance. The overuse and misuse of insecticides some four decades ago created major environmental problems and was followed by the development of an integrated pest management approach to crop pests. Successful utilization of host plant resistance, phytochemical products, pheromones, biological control agents such as predators, parasitoids, entomopathogenic bacteria, virus, nematodes, and fungi can help to control many destructive pests to achieve sustainable crop protection. Plants that stand exposed to insects over long periods generally develop defense systems that require a relatively large quantity of the resistance agents, and these agents often bind dietary protein or otherwise interfere with digestion. Discusses how to identify and develop plant materials with res.
Expression of bt toxins in transgenic plants needs to be at a sufficient level to confer adequate protection against target pests defined by the environmental protection agency as giving 95% mortality of insects heterozygous for a resistance allele. This page contains list of freely available e books, online textbooks and tutorials in entomology. The overuse and misuse of insecticides some four decades. While these traits can have obvious and direct impacts on herbivorous pests, many have profound effects on higher trophic levels, including the natural enemies of herbivores.
How have these crops contributed to sustainability. Mechanisms and deployment of resistance in trees to. As resistance to insect pests is often chemically based, metabolomics has been rapidly adapted as a tool to explore plant species and varieties for hitherto unknown sources for sustainable resistance. The economics of integrated pest management of insects. A thorough knowledge of the insecthost plant relationship is essential for developing efficient techniques. Plant resistance to insect pests has advantages over other direct control tactics. The result of an international symposium held in august 2000 as part of the international congress of entomology, papers look at general patterns in tree mechanisms of resistance to defoliators, shoot insects, wood borers, bark beetles, and gall forming insects. Over 25 years ago, kogan noted the existence of two parallel bodies of research and theory related to the study of plant resistance. In this article we will discuss about the insect resistance in plants.
Frontiers integration of plant defense traits with. Buy host plant resistance to insects book online at best prices in india on. It also provides an overview of the fascinating field of insect plant relationships, which is fundamental to the study of host plant resistance to insects. It also describes screening and breeding for insect resistance.
Principles of hostplant resistance to insect pests. Discusses how to identify and develop plant materials with resistance to insect pests. The 23rd biannual international plant resistance to insects symposium will be held at rothamsted research, harpenden, hertfordshire, united kingdom on the 7th 9th of march 2018. Some of the more polyphagous insects like grasshoppers and armyworms will consume every part of their host plant. This book contains 20 chapters, which are divided into 5 sections. The transmission of plant viruses through insects with biting and chewing type of mouth parts has been discussed in detail as separate chapter. Other original research papers in this volume focus on the roles of secondary metabolites in plant resistance to insects and nematodes. Multitrophic effects of host plant resistance have the potential to influence, both positively and negatively, biological control. Biophysical bases of resistance in plants to insectspala ram ram singh and g. Two papers from georg janders laboratory combine qtl and phytochemical analyses to examine the roles of secondary metabolites in maize resistance to insects. Protective chemicals in plant epidermal glands and appendages. Insects and other arthropods divender gupta encyclopedia of life support systems eolss at a global level, insect pests of medical, veterinary and agricultural importance have developed resistance to all major classes of.
Experimental techniques in hostplant resistance akshay kumar. During plant domestication, some important features of plant resistance may be inadvertantly removed by. Host plant resistance to insects in searchworks catalog. The global scenario of crop damage inflicted by insects is a matter of serious concern. Plantinsect ecosystem pie kenneth and barbara starks. It shows how plants can defend themselves naturally and how insects have adapted to overcome these mechanisms through coevolution. Department of entomology university ofcalifornia riverside. The most attractive feature of hpr is that farmers virtually do not need any. Niranjan panda, formerly professor of entomology, orissa university of agriculture and technology. Horgan2 julien pompon1,3 1 potato research centre, agriculture and agrifood canada, fredericton, nb, e3b 4z7, canada. This book brings together economists and entomologists to explain the. For example, plant resistance to insects is compatible with insecticide use, while biological control is not. Buy host plant resistance to insects book online at low prices in. Principles of host plant resistance to insect pests.
Some of the considerations involved in developing these techniques are discussed with selected examples to illustrate various techniques employed in plant resistance to insects research. The resources that plants can muster for defense when attacked by insects are limited. Examines the molecular biology and genetics of insect resistance in crop plants, and insect genes capable of overcoming resistance to form insect biophytes. Painter divided the phenomena of resistance into three mechanisms, nonpreference later renamed antixenosis. Cambridge core entomology insect ecology by peter w. The americas journal of plant science and biotechnology 2011 global science books potato resistance to insects yvan pelletier1 finbarr g. The american association of professional apiculturists aapa is affiliated with insects and their members receive a discount on the article processing charges. How plants defend against fungi, insects decoded deccan. Insects that most often fall prey to north american pitcher plants are ants, flies, wasps, bees, beetles, slugs and snails. Metabolomics of plant resistance to insects the biology.
Principles of hostplant resistance to insect pests book. Function and chemistry of plant trichomes and glands in insect resistance. Plant resistance to insects is a natural phenomenon based on plant selfdefense mechanisms. Insect control is serious and greatest challenge for agricultural crops. The kenneth and barbara starks plant resistance to insects graduate student award, administered and presented by pie section, recognizes innovative research by a graduate student in entomology or plant breedinggenetics. Entomological techniques and methodologies used in. Researchers have discovered a communication network in plants which helps them respond to a hormone involved in pest resistance, a finding that may help develop crops that can withstand insect attack. The study of herbivory and plant resistance in natural and. Techniques for evaluating insect resistance in crop plants. Plant resistance is specific, only affecting the target pest. Buy host plant resistance to insects book online at low.
However, insectresistant plants can be developed by expressing genes coding for plant resistance isolated from the other plant species. Ent 425 general entomology resource library tutorials. The use of plant resistance for managing arthropod pests in rice illustrates many aspects of the use of. Plant resistance to insects is not density dependent, whereas biological control is. Insectresistant crops generally produce compounds that are toxic to insects that attempt to eat the resistant plants.
1470 1339 291 733 1161 455 200 1209 399 951 887 434 1158 1485 1065 1100 1024 1404 529 44 1463 688 336 795 352 595 66 941 1154 1184 727 156 142 98 1476 139 720 1317 1465 203 751 275 610 283